Installing a PCMCIA Device for QNX

Start the driver

The pcmciatrap utility can be very useful in determining which PCMCIA driver to start and how to start it.

pcmciatrap - Autodetect PCMCIA adapter and optionally start correct driver.
 
pcmciatrap  [options] [query]   Print command line necessary to start driver.
pcmciatrap  [options] start     Start driver.
Options:
 -q      Quiet output
 -v      Verbose output for debugging.

Entering pcmciatrap start will start the appropriate PCMCIA driver for your system.

Once this has been done you can use the pin command to view PCMCIA statistics.

pin - display information about PCMCIA devices and servers (QNX)
 
pin [options]...  [command]
 
Options:
 -n node           Information about server on this node
 -s socket         Information about this socket only (1 based)
 
Commands:
 status            Show status of each socket (default)
 resources         Port, irq and memory resources
 config            Attempt to make configuration file entries
 cis               Decode CIS on card
 clear             Clear all resource tables on server
 file              Cause server to reread configuration file

For example pin will display the number of slots you have and details of any devices currently inserted. It should look something like this:

Sock  Win  Type    Flags            PID    Base   Size   IRQ  Base   Size  DMA
1          Empty   ----MF---------- None
2          Empty   ----MF---------- None

Configuring the Resources Required

The next step is to tell QNX which resources can be safely used by the inserted cards. The PCMCIA Manager attempts to allocate resources to the cards as they are inserted and we need to nake sure that it won't allocate resources that are required elsewhere. To do this we need to edit the /etc/config/pcmcia.node file. The file on my system looks like this:

[resources]
memory = 0xd0000-0xd1fff
ports = 0x280-0x29f, 0x300-0x33f
rports = 0x2e8+8, 0x3e8+8, 0x170+8, 0x376+2
irqs = 12,7,5,3

[resources]: This tells the PCMCIA Manager that we are definig the resource set that it may use. This is obligatory.
memory = 0xd0000-0xd1fff: This allocates a range of memory into which the PCMCIA Manager can put inserted cards.
ports = 0x280-0x29f, 0x300-0x33f: These are the I/O ports that the cards can use. The PCMCIA Manager uses the range on a best-fit, first-come first-served basis. If you have insufficient ports then not all the devices will be able to start.
rports = 0x2e8+8, 0x3e8+8 0x170+8 0x376+2: This represents the range of ports that the PCMCIA Manager MUST not use.
irqs = 12,7,5,3: The valid range of interrupts that can be assigned to cards as they are inserted.

Configure Cards

Before QNX can auto-detect and configure the cards you must tell it about them. Take a look at the /etc/config/pcmcia.cards file for a list of all those currently supported. Entries follow the same format as the pin config output:

; socket 1
[device]
manufacturer = "Socket Communications Inc"
product = "Socket EA PCMCIA LAN Adapter Revision E"
info1 = "Ethernet ID 00C01B006B0D"
regbase = 0x10000
config = 0x01, 0x0601, irq any, io any+32 (width=16)
config = 0x03, 0x0601, irq any, io 0x2a0-0x2bf (width=16)
config = 0x05, 0x0601, irq any, io 0x2c0-0x2df (width=16)
config = 0x07, 0x0601, irq any, io 0x2e0-0x2ff (width=16)
config = 0x09, 0x0601, irq any, io 0x300-0x31f (width=16)
config = 0x0b, 0x0601, irq any, io 0x320-0x33f (width=16)
config = 0x0d, 0x0601, irq any, io 0x340-0x35f (width=16)
config = 0x0f, 0x0601, irq any, io 0x360-0x37f (width=16)
register = 0, 0x40, 0x40     ; level mode interrupts

Any lines that begin with '#' or ';' are treated as comments and ignored.

[device]

Tells the PCMCIA Manager that we are specifying a device description.

manufacturer = "Socket Communications Inc"

The Manufacturers ID is used by the PCMCIA Manager to find the best match to the information retrieved from the Card Information Structure (CIS) when the card is inserted. This can include wildcards like * ?.

product = "Socket EA PCMCIA LAN Adapter Revision E"

This is the product specifier as designated by the card manufacturer. When more than one card from a manufacturer is inserted the product line will be read to determine which is which. Wildcards are acceptable in this field.

info1 = "Ethernet ID 00C01B006B0D"

There are two optional info lines info1 and info2 which contain manufacturer specific information about the card.

regbase = 0x10000

This line tells the server where in the card register space the configuration registers reside. By default it will be 0x100.

config = 0x01, 0x0601, irq any, io any+32 (width=16) config = 0x03, 0x0601, irq any, io 0x2a0-0x2bf (width=16) config = 0x05, 0x0601, irq any, io 0x2c0-0x2df (width=16) config = 0x07, 0x0601, irq any, io 0x2e0-0x2ff (width=16) config = 0x09, 0x0601, irq any, io 0x300-0x31f (width=16) config = 0x0b, 0x0601, irq any, io 0x320-0x33f (width=16) config = 0x0d, 0x0601, irq any, io 0x340-0x35f (width=16) config = 0x0f, 0x0601, irq any, io 0x360-0x37f (width=16)

This is broken down into the following fields:

index

This is a numeric constant that indicates the configuration index value to be written to the card configuration register.

type

The type of card that is inserted. High order byte is generic and the low order byte is specific.

0x0201 Serial/ modem devices with 8250/16450 devices 0x0301 PC Parallel ports 0x0401 ATA Hard Disk 0x0501 VGA Adaptor 0x0601 NE2000 compatible network card 0x0602 NCR Wavelan Card 0x8001 Adaptec T340 SCSI Adaptor (NCR53C400)

0x8101 New Media .WAVJammer

resource

Specifies what resources this configuration requires. POssible values are:

irq

Specifies the IRQ to assign to the card. Multiple values can be used by specifying irq | irq | irq and any of those entered may be used.

io

The IO port range that may be used.The following options are valied:

start - end
start + length
ANY + length
width=8
width=16
offset=
offset is not currently supported
mem
to specify a 4K page aligned memory range.

NOTE: You will not ordinarily have to create one of these descriptions by hand.

The /etc/config/pcmcia.cards file contains an up to date list of all descriptions that are known to currently work with QNX. If your card does not appear in this file it can be added by doing the following:

	pin config > /tmp/pin.cfg
	cat /tmp/pin.cfg >> /etc/config/pcmcia.cards

Once this has been done slay the PCMCIA Manager and re-start it and issue the pin command. You should now see something like this:

Sock  Win  Type    Flags            PID    Base   Size   IRQ  Base   Size  DMA
1     0    NE2000  C---I-+--------W None   0x280  32     5                     
2          Empty   ----MF---------- None

Take a note of these settings because you will need them when starting the driver for the card.

Start the Driver

All that remains is for your to start the appropriate device driver to talk to your hardware. QNX allows for the dynamic starting and stopping of device drivers from the command line. So in our example above with the NE2000 compatible Network card you would enter:

	Net.ether1000 -l2 -i5 -p 280 &

Automatically Launching the Driver when the Card is Inserted

Under Construction
For more details please see the PcmciaLaunch documentation.